Direct and Indirect Speech Example English

Interrogative Sentences को Indirect में कैसे change करते हैं |


पिछली Post में हमने बताया था कि Assertive Sentences को Direct से Indirect में कैसे Change करते हैं | आज हम बात करेंगे Interrogative Sentences की, Imprative Sentences की और Exclamatory Sentences की | तो आइये सबसे पहले जानते हैं Interrogative Sentences के बारे में |


Interrogative Sentences (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य)दो प्रकार के होते हैं |

(1)  वे वाक्य जो सहायक क्रिया (Auxiliary Verb/HelpingVerb) से शुरू होते हैं; जैसे ---
  • Are you going to Delhi ?
  • Do you want to go abroad ?
  • Have you done your homework ?
  • Would you like to eat mango ?

(2)  वे वाक्य जो Helping Verb से शुरू ना होकर प्रश्नसूचक शब्द (when, where, why, what, why, how, who आदि ) से शुरू होते हैं ; जैसे ---
  • What are you doing here ?
  • When will you go to school ?
  • Why have you done this ?
  • Who teaches you ?

Interrogative Sentences (First Type)


ऐसे Interrogative Sentences को जिनमें सबसे पहले helping verb हो और जिनका Answer 'हाँ' या 'ना' हो सकता हो ऐसे sentences को Indirect बनाते समय वाक्यों को that द्वारा नहीं जोड़ते हैं, बल्कि if या weather में से किसी एक का use करते हैं और Indirect वाक्य के अन्त में questiom mark (?) नहीं लगाते हैं |


Interrogative Sentences को Indirect में change करते समय simple बना लेते हैं मतलब verb को subject के बाद रखते हैं |

Examples :

Direct.      :  He said to him, "Are you going to Delhi ?"
Indirect.   :  He asked him if he was going to Delhi.


Direct       :  Rahul said to Mohan, "Will you listen to such a man."
Indirect.   :  Rahul asked Mohan if he would listen to such a man.

Rules        :  Interrogative Sentences में said to को asked में change कर देते हैं

             That का प्रयोग ना करके if या whether का use करते हैं | Interrogative Sentences की Indirect में sign of interrogation(?) use नहीं करते बल्कि full stop (.) का use करते हैं |

Direct       :  I said to him, "Can you tell me what the time is ?"

Indirect    :  I asked him if he could tell me what the time was.

Indirect में pronoun कैसे change karte हैं जानने के लिए यह post पढें


Indirect बनाते समय Pronouns में change कैसे करें |


Direct      :  Mukesh said to Ramesh, "Did you solve the question yesterday ?"

Indirect   :  Mukesh asked Ramesh if he had solved the question the previous                       day.

Direct      :  Heera said to Rohan, "Are you reading a book ?"

Indirect   :  Heera asked Rohan if he was reading a book.


Interrogative Sentences (Second Type)


जिन Inerrogative Sentences में सबसे पहले कोई question word ( who, which, what, how, how, when, where, why आदि में से कोई एक) हो उनको न तो if या whether से जोड़ते हैं और न ही that का use करते हैं बल्कि दिये गये question word से ही वाक्य के दोनों खंडों ( Reporting Verb और Reported Speech) को joint किया जाता है | इन वाक्यों की Indirect में sign of interrogation (?) का use नहीं करते हैं |



Example:


  • Direct       :  The teacher cried, "When will the peon ring the bell ?"


Indirect    :  The teacher asked when the peon would ring the bell.

 

  • Direct       :  Sahil said to him, "When do you intend to leave Delhi ?"


 Indirect    :  Sahil asked him when he intended to leave Delhi.

  • Direct.      :  Sahil said to her,"When do you intend to leave Delhi ?"


Indirect.   :  Sahil asked her when she intended to leave Delhi. 


Indirect banate samay pronouns mein change kaise kare

Pronouns में change

Indirect बनाते समय pronouns में निम्न प्रकार change किये जाते हैं |



Rule 1. Reported Speech क़े first person के pronouns को Reporting Verb के subject k के अनुसार बदलते हैं |


Example ---

Direct         :  Rahul said, "I have done my work."
Indirect.     :  Rahul said that he had done his work.
Direct.        :  The students said, "We must obey our parents."
Indirect      :  The students said that they must obey their parents.
Direct.        :  The villagers said, "We like to work hard in the fields."
Indirect.     :  The villagers said that they liked to work hard in the fields.
Direct.        :  You said, "I am going to my home."
Indirect.     :  You said that you were going to your home.

Note  : First Person के Pronouns I, We तथा इनसे related शब्द me, my, mine, myself, us, our, ours, ourselves हैं |



Rule 2.  Reported Speech के Second Person के  Pronouns को Reporting Verb के Object के अनुसार  change करते हैं |

Example ---

Direct         :  Rama said to me, " You must read newspaper."
Indirect.     :  Rama told me that I must read newspaper.
Direct.        :  Ravi said to me, "He will help you."
Indirect.     :  Ravi told me that he would help me.
Direct.        :  Raza said to Rahi, "You can talk to your brother."
Indirect.     :  Raza told Rahi that he could talk to his brother.
Direct.        :  Raza said to Rahi and Ravi, "You can talk to my brother."
Indirect.     :  Raza told Rahi and Ravi that they can talk to his brother.
Direct.        :  You said to me,"I am going home."
Indirect.     :  You told me that you were going home.

Note.  : Second Person के Pronouns You तथा You से related शब्द your, yours, yourself, yourselves हैं |

Rule 3  :  Reported Speech के third person के Pronouns में कोई change नहीं होता है |


Example

Direct        :  Ravi said, "He will not go to Delhi."
Indirect.    :  Ravi said that he would not go to Delhi.
Direct.       :  Rita said to me, "The mother is cooking the food."
Indirect.    :  Rita told me that the mother was cooking the food.
Direct.       :  Mohan said to Rohan,"They helped their friends."
Indirect.    :  Mohan said to Rohan that they had helped their friends.

Note.   :  Third Person के Pronouns He, She, It, They तथा इनसे related शब्द him, his, her, hers, its, them, their, theirs, themselves, himself, itself, herself हैं |
Nouns सदैव Third Person में  माने जाते हैं |

Direct        :  Kamal said to Kamla,"I shall not give you my book."
Indirect.    :  Kamal told Kamla that he would not give her his book.






Table

Subject Object Possessive Double Possessive
I me my mine
We us our ours
You you your yours
He him his his
She her her hers
It it its its
They them their theirs
​ ​Note   :  Indirect बनाते समय यदि I को He में बदलना है तो my को  his में बदलना चाहिए |

Example   :

Direct        :  He said to Ravi,"I shall give my book to Raja."
Indirect.    :  He said to Ravi that he should give his book to Raja.
अगर I को She में change करना है तो my को her में change करना होगा |
Direct        :  She said to Raina,"I shall not go to my school."
Indirect     :  She told Raina that she should not go to my school."
Direct        :  She said to Malala," I shall not give you my bike."
Indirect.    :  She told Mala that she should not give her, her bike.

निकटता show करने वाले शब्दों(Words expressing nearness) को दूरी show करने वाले शब्दों(Words expressing distance)में change कर देते हैं | Look at the table given below.

Example :

1.  Direct.    : Shahid said,"I am glad to be here at this time."
     Indirect. :  Shahid said that he was glad to be there at that time.
2.  Direct.    :  Raina said,"I shall not go there tomorrow. "
     Indirect   : Raina said that she would not go there the next day.
3.  Direct.    :  His brother said to me,"l had not gone to the schhol yesterday."
     Indirect.  :  His brother told me that he had not gone to the school the previous day.

Table

Direct Indirect Direct Indirect
Now then Thus so
This that Today That day
These those Yesterday The previous day/the day before
Here Ther Yesterday the next day/the following day
Ago before Last night the previous night
Hence thence Come go (come कभी कभी change नहीं भी होता है
come ही रह जाता है
यह sentence के तात्पर्य पर depend करता है |)
Hither thither Just then





Exercise :


Turn the following sentences into indirect
  1. He said to me, "I am going to school."
  2. He said,"Monika writing a letter."
  3. My father said to me, "I lived many years in Calcutta."
  4. The girl said to his mother,"I have passed the examination."
  5. She said to Mohan,"I have often told you not to play with fire."
  6. They said to us,"We want to go abroad."
  7. Her mother said to me,"Your brother has gone to Delhi this morning. "
  8. Shahid said to his mother,"I am not well today."
  9. The traveller said to me, "I lived here for a week."
  10. Ravi said to his brother,"I shall do it just now."

Valuable Post